Climate drives community-wide divergence within species over a limited spatial scale: evidence from an oceanic island

  1. Salces-Castellano, Antonia 1
  2. Patiño, Jairo 2
  3. Alvarez, Nadir 3
  4. Andújar, Carmelo 1
  5. Arribas, Paula 1
  6. Braojos-Ruiz, Juan J. 4
  7. del Arco-Aguilar, Marcelino 2
  8. García-Olivares, Víctor 1
  9. Karger, Dirk 5
  10. López, Heriberto 1
  11. Manolopoulou, Ioanna 6
  12. Oromí, Pedro 2
  13. Pérez-Delgado, Antonio J. 1
  14. Peterman, William W. 7
  15. Rijsdijk, Kenneth F. 8
  16. Emerson, Brent C. 1
  1. 1 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
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    Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02gfc7t72

    Geographic location of the organization Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
  2. 2 Universidad de La Laguna
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    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad de La Laguna
  3. 3 Natural History Museum of Geneva
  4. 4 ,
  5. 5 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
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    Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research

    Birmensdorf, Suiza

    ROR https://ror.org/04bs5yc70

    Geographic location of the organization Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
  6. 6 University College London
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    University College London

    Londres, Reino Unido

    ROR https://ror.org/02jx3x895

    Geographic location of the organization University College London
  7. 7 The Ohio State University
  8. 8 University of Amsterdam
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    University of Amsterdam

    Ámsterdam, Holanda

    ROR https://ror.org/04dkp9463

    Geographic location of the organization University of Amsterdam
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Editor: Dryad

Year of publication: 2019

Type: Dataset

Version: 11

CC0 1.0

DOI: 10.5061/DRYAD.280GB5MKZ lock_openOpen access editor

Abstract

Geographic isolation substantially contributes to species endemism on oceanic islands when speciation involves the colonisation of a new island. However, less is understood about the drivers of speciation within islands. What is lacking is a general understanding of the geographic scale of gene flow limitation within islands, and thus the geographic scale and drivers of geographical speciation within insular contexts. Using a community of beetle species, we show that when dispersal ability and climate tolerance are restricted, microclimatic variation over distances of only a few kilometres can maintain strong geographic isolation and drive incipient speciation. Further to this, we demonstrate congruent diversification with gene flow across species, mediated by Quaternary climate oscillations that have facilitated a dynamic of isolation and secondary contact. The unprecedented scale of parallel species responses to a common environmental driver for evolutionary change has profound consequences for understanding past and future species responses to climate variation.