Climate drives community-wide divergence within species over a limited spatial scale: evidence from an oceanic island

  1. Salces-Castellano, Antonia 1
  2. Patiño, Jairo 2
  3. Alvarez, Nadir 3
  4. Andújar, Carmelo 1
  5. Arribas, Paula 1
  6. Braojos-Ruiz, Juan J. 4
  7. Del Arco-Aguilar, Marcelino 2
  8. García-Olivares, Víctor 1
  9. Karger, Dirk 5
  10. López, Heriberto 1
  11. Manolopoulou, Ioanna 6
  12. Oromí, Pedro 2
  13. Pérez-Delgado, Antonio J. 1
  14. Peterman, William W. 7
  15. Rijsdijk, Kenneth F. 8
  16. Emerson, Brent C. 1
  1. 1 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
    info

    Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02gfc7t72

  2. 2 Universidad de La Laguna
    info

    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

  3. 3 Natural History Museum of Geneva
  4. 4 ,
  5. 5 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
    info

    Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research

    Birmensdorf, Suiza

    ROR https://ror.org/04bs5yc70

  6. 6 University College London
    info

    University College London

    Londres, Reino Unido

    ROR https://ror.org/02jx3x895

  7. 7 The Ohio State University
  8. 8 University of Amsterdam
    info

    University of Amsterdam

    Ámsterdam, Holanda

    ROR https://ror.org/04dkp9463

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Editor: Dryad

Year of publication: 2019

Type: Dataset

CC0 1.0

DOI: 10.5061/DRYAD.280GB5MKZ lock_openOpen access editor

Abstract

Geographic isolation substantially contributes to species endemism on oceanic islands when speciation involves the colonisation of a new island. However, less is understood about the drivers of speciation within islands. What is lacking is a general understanding of the geographic scale of gene flow limitation within islands, and thus the geographic scale and drivers of geographical speciation within insular contexts. Using a community of beetle species, we show that when dispersal ability and climate tolerance are restricted, microclimatic variation over distances of only a few kilometres can maintain strong geographic isolation and drive incipient speciation. Further to this, we demonstrate congruent diversification with gene flow across species, mediated by Quaternary climate oscillations that have facilitated a dynamic of isolation and secondary contact. The unprecedented scale of parallel species responses to a common environmental driver for evolutionary change has profound consequences for understanding past and future species responses to climate variation.