Bloqueo TAP cuadrado lumbar versus bloqueo femoral, ambos ecoguiados, para analgesia postoperatoria en artroplastia de cadera

Résumé

The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a newly described peripheral block involving the nerves of the anterior abdominal wall. It involves injection of local anaesthetic into the plane between the transversus abdominis and the internal oblique muscles. This prospective study compares the analgesic effect of a TAP block with femoral block, using ultrasound in both of them, in elderly patients undergoing surgery for a femoral neck fracture. 104 patients will be assigned in a consecutive way to one of two groups, to administer TAP block or femoral one, before achieve spinal anaesthesia in lateral decubitus position. TAP group will receive TAP block with 30 ml of levobupivacaine 0,125%, and Femoral group will be perfomanced femoral block and it will be injected 10 ml of ropivacaine 0,25%, both of them will be ultrasound guided blocks. Visual Analogue Score (VAS) score, quality sensitive and motor block will be compared at the moment patients will arrived in recovery, 6, 12, 18, 24 hours post-surgery. Opiaceos total amount administered in 24 hours, stay in PACU, and patient satisfaction about tecnique achieved will be registered too.