Perfil del paciente sometido a resección transuretral de neoplasia vesical

Resum

Background and objectives. Bladder cancer is the seventh most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Its clinical presentation is usually with symptoms of macro or microscopic hematuria. Transurethral endoscopic resection (TUR) is the diagnostic and therapeutic mainstay. The objective of the present study was to describe the profile of the patient who enters a urology unit for bladder TUR in order to detect possible risks that they may present. Patients and Methods.A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional retrospective study that included 108 patients treated at the Urology Clinical Unit of the University Hospital, who underwent TUR throughout 2016. The data were obtained from the corresponding electronic medical histories of surgery and anesthesia. The following variables were collected: age, sex, duration of hospitalization, body weight and height to obtain body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, habitual alcohol intake, previous diagnosis or treatment for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cancer, as well as anesthesia risk estimation using the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and NYHA (New York Heart Association) functional assessment and pre-surgical blood chemistry and biochemical analytical determinations. Results. Ninety-one percent of the patients undergoing bladder TUR were male and the age was 69.9 ± 11.3 years, 20.4% were smokers, 38.0% of the patients were overweight and 38.9% were obese. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and previous cancer was 63.9%, 40.7%, 25.9% and 25.9%, respectively. A 62.0% presented a class II ASA anesthetic risk, followed by 25.9% that presented class III ASA. The most prevalent NYHA functional assessment, 93.5%, was class I. The mean hemoglobin level was 12.4 ± 2.2 g / dl. The mean duration of hospitalization was 2.8 ± 4.4 days. In conclusion, the profile of the patient submitted to bladder TUR is a male, elderly with overweight or obesity, as well as a high prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, with a class II anesthesia risk, with mild systemic disease, non-disabling, without limitation of physical activity of cardiac cause and with mild anemia.