Physical exercise minimizes the toxic triad for cancerphysical inactivity, low fitness, and obesity

  1. Morales-Rojas, Javier Salvador 1
  2. Lucia, Alejandro 2
  3. Pareja Galeano, Helios 2
  1. 1 Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
  2. 2 Universidad Europea & Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain.
Revista:
European Journal of Human Movement

ISSN: 0214-0071 2386-4095

Año de publicación: 2016

Número: 36

Páginas: 1-35

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: European Journal of Human Movement

Resumen

La conocida como triada tóxica del cáncer, compuesta por la obesidad, una baja función cardiorrespiratoria (FCR) e inactividad física, incrementa el riesgo de cáncer y, una vez presente la enfermedad, empeora su pronóstico. Así, la obesidad y estilos de vida sedentarios se han asociado con un elevado riesgo de cáncer mientras que el ejercicio físico regular y una buena FCR disminuyen dicho riesgo. A pesar de los factores de riesgo genético, existe evidencia que demuestra que algunas modificaciones en el estilo de vida son capaces de reducir la incidencia de cáncer y su morbilidad y mortalidad asociadas. El ejercicio físico regular dirigido a mantener el peso corporal dentro de límites saludables y a mejorar la FCR reducirá el riesgo de cáncer de una persona y, una vez diagnosticado, también mejorará su pronóstico, reduciendo la mortalidad y el riesgo de recurrencia de la enfermedad a través de mecanismos similares. En esta revisión, describimos cómo la actividad física puede ser utilizada como una herramienta coadyuvante y con efectos pleitrópicos a fin de minimizar los efectos de la triada tóxica del cáncer y se actualizan los mecanismos propuestos hasta la fecha para los efectos observados.

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