Junk News y “medios de desinformación” en la campaña electoral del 10-N

  1. Rodríguez-Fernández, Leticia
Revista:
Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación: Mediterranean Journal of Communication

ISSN: 1989-872X

Any de publicació: 2020

Volum: 11

Número: 2

Pàgines: 71-83

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.14198/MEDCOM2020.11.2.19 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Altres publicacions en: Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación: Mediterranean Journal of Communication

Resum

Junk news is part of the disinformation ecosystem employed to modify and influence citizens during election campaigns. This research analyses the content produced by several Spanish pages, identified as "disinformation media", both before and during the November 10 election campaign in Spain. Those Spanish websites that usually distribute junk content, that is to say, partisan, stemming from an extreme ideology and with a deeply propagandistic approach, were identified by means of the tool Junk News Aggregator of the Oxford Internet Institute. The aim was to disclose their political content agenda, the authorship of their publications, the treatment accorded to political groups and their representatives, and also to identify whether any variation in their activity occurred over the electoral period. Strategies of content and common publications, of a partisanal approach, lack of identification in the authorship and a clear ideological bias in favour of Vox were noted.

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • [1] Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgment. In H. Guetzkow (Ed.), Groups, leadership and men. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Press.
  • [2] Bolsover, G. & Howard, P. (2019). Chinese computational propaganda: automation, algorithms and the manipulation of information about Chinese politics on Twitter and Weibo. Information, Communication & Society, 22(14), 2063-2080. http://doi.org/gfdbpn
  • [3] Castillo, C. (26/11/2019). Google Discover: las fake news inundan los móviles Android en plena lucha contra la desinformación. eldiario.es. En: http://bit.ly/2NT3TGI
  • [4] Fletcher, R.; Cornia, A.; Graves, L. & Nielsen, R. K. (2018). Measuring the reach of "fake news" and online disinformation. Reuters Institute. http://bit.ly/2TPhe6P
  • [5] Gallacher, J. D.; Barash, V. Howard, P. N. & Kelly, J. (2017). Junk News on Military Affairs and National Security: Social Media Disinformation Campaigns Against US Military Personnel and Veterans. Data Memo 2017. Oxford, UK: Project on Computational Propaganda.
  • [6] Guo, L. & Vargo, C. (2018). “Fake News” and Emerging Online Media Ecosystem: An Integrated Intermedia Agenda-Setting Analysis of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election. Communication Research, 47(2), 178-200. http://doi.org/gfkdft
  • [7] Hernández, M. y Fernández, M. (2019). Partidos emergentes de la ultraderecha: ¿fake news, fake outsiders? Vox y la web Caso Aislado en las elecciones andaluzas de 2018. Teknokultura. Revista de Cultura Digital y Movimientos Sociales, 16(1), 33-53. http://doi.org/dv37
  • [8] Howard, P.; Bolsover, G.; Kollanyi, B.; Bradshaw, S. & Neudert, L. M. (2017). Junk news and bots during the U.S. Election: What were Michigan voters sharing over Twitter? Data Memo 2017. Oxford, UK: Project on Computational Propaganda.
  • [9] Howard, P.; Woolley, S. & Calo, R. (2018). Algorithms, bots, and political communication in the US 2016 election: The challenge of automated political communication for election law and administration. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 15(2), 81-93. http://doi.org/gdf34b
  • [10] Kappes, A.; Harvey, A.; Lohrenz, T.; Monatgue, P. & Sharot, T. (2020). Confirmation bias in the utilization of others’ opinion strength. Nature Neuroscience, 23, 130-137. http://doi.org/dv38
  • [11] Liotsiou, D.; Kollanyi, B. & Howard, P. (2019). The Junk News aggregator: examining junk news posted on Facebook, starting with the 2018 US Midterm Elections.
  • [12] Marchal, N.; Kollanyi, B.; Neudert, L. M. & Howard, P. (2019). Junk News During the EU Parliamentary Elections: Lessons from a Seven-Language Study of Twitter and Facebook. https://bit.ly/3bEetuh
  • [13] Magallón, R. (2019). Unfaking news. Madrid: Pirámide
  • [14] Moravec. P.; Minas, R. & Dennis, A. (2019). Fake News on Social Media: People Believe What They Want to Believe When it Makes No Sense At All. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 43(4), 1343- 1360. http://doi.org/dv39
  • [15] Nikolov, D.; Oliveira, D. F. M.; Flammini, A. & Menczer, F. (2015). Measuring online social bubbles. PeerJ Computer Science, 1(38). http://doi.org/dv4b
  • [16] Olmo, J.M. (08/05/2015). Púnica fabricó hasta 50 noticias positivas a la semana para Bankia y Telefónica. ElConfidencial.com. http://bit.ly/2Rl0TFq
  • [17] Pariser, E. (2017). El filtro burbuja. Cómo la red decide lo que leemos y lo que pensamos. Madrid. Taurus.
  • [18] Rodríguez-Fernández, L. (2019). Desinformación: retos profesionales para el sector de la comunicación. El Profesional de la Información, 28(3). http://doi.org/dv4c
  • [19] Rodríguez-Ferrándiz, R. (2019). Posverdad y fake news en comunicación política: breve genealogía. El Profesional de la Información, 28(3). http://doi.org/dv4d
  • [20] Sarabia, D. (28/10/2019). Los periodistas 'fake' de Periodista Digital: identidad falsa, foto sacada de Internet y currículum inventado. eldiario.es. http://bit.ly/2GegAI0
  • [21] Venturini, T. (2019). From Fake to Junk News, the Data Politics of Online Virality. In D. Bigo; E. Isin, & E. Ruppert (Eds.), Data Politics: Worlds, Subjects, Rights. London: Routledge. http://doi.org/dv4f
  • [22] Vosoughi, S.; Roy, D. & Aral, S. (2018). The spread of true and false news online. Science, 359(6380), 1146-1151. http://doi.org/gc3jt6