Efectos del entrenamiento al ejercicio en pacientes con síndrome overlap SAHS-EPOC

Resumo

Objective: To compare the beneficial effect of an exercise training program (RR) combined with non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) on effort capacity, compared to each treatment separately, in patients with COPD-SAHS overlap syndrome. Methods: An experimental analytical study in which patients were prospectively included and randomly assigned to receive habitual NIMV therapy or form a part of the RR program group. A third group underwent both RR and NIMV treatments. The effects on endurance time (submaximal exercise test) and distance covered (6-minute walk test) were studied. The effect on symptoms measured with mMRC and CRDQ as well as gas exchange were also studied. Inflammatory parameters like IL6, IL8, CRP and TNF were analyzed. Results: A total of 30 patients homogeneously distributed between the three arms of the study were analyzed. Patients who underwent RR, both alone and in combination with NIMV, showed an improvement in endurance time (RR group: 8.89 min pre, 25.9 min post, p = 0.008; RR-NIMV group: 6.8 min pre, 12.2 min post, p = 0.03) while only the group undergoing RR-NIMV showed statistically significant improvement in the 6MWT (282 m pre, 323 m post, p = 0.017). All three groups showed improvement with regard to quality of life measured by the CRDQ while only the group undergoing NIMV and the mixed group showed improvement in the mMRC. With regard to gasometric parameters, only the mixed group showed improvement in pCO2 levels (56 mmHg pre, 48 mmHg post, p = 0.02). There were no statistically significant improvements with regard to the evolution of inflammatory parameters. Conclusions: This study shows the beneficial effect of an exercise training program combined with NIMV treatment on effort capacity, compared to each treatment separately, in patients with COPD-SAHS overlap syndrome.