Eficacia de un programa de fisioterapia activa para la mejora de las secuelas físicas en pacientes supervivientes de cáncer de colon

Abstract

The objectives of this Doctoral Thesis Report were set out and differentiated in two phases: 1) to define the profile of patients recently diagnosed colorectal cancer (pRD-CRC), in terms of their body composition and anthropometric variables, the muscular architecture of the lumbopelvic region, physical condition and physical frailty, in comparison with a group of healthy controls and 2) to demonstrate the effect of an active physiotherapy program (APP) in colon cancer survivors (CCS) on physical health and functionality in the study population. The results of this Doctoral Thesis Report show: 1) a reduction in general and local musculoskeletal mass, an increase in waist circumference in terms of muscular architecture, a significant decrease in the width of the lumbar multifidus, and the depth of the width of the transversus abdominis muscle, concerning abdominal strength there was a loss of strength in the central zone (CORE) and high percentages in the presence of fragility and pre-fragility in RDCC patients. Regarding the second phase. 2) an 8-week safe and feasible APP based on strength work, lumbopelvic motor control, balance, and cardiovascular work in SCC patients. It can produce improvements in the strength of the dominant hand, an increase in the width of the dominant and non-dominant longitudinal multifidus muscle, and increased stability of the lumbopelvic area in CCS patients. This Doctoral Thesis Report helps to identify the profile of pRD-CRC, which facilitates the understanding of the physical repercussions and needs of this type of patients since they are diagnosed and the impact on their quality of life. The above is intended to design and provide early and effective treatments to help alleviate oncological disease and medical-surgical treatment sequelae. Based on therapeutic exercise focused on muscle strength, muscle architecture, and lumbopelvic stability.