Evaluación de los factores psicosociales de riesgo laboral, los riesgos psicosociales (burnout y acoso laboral) y el capital psicológico de una muestra de docentes no universitarios en la Región de Murcia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: The global economic crisis caused changes in educational institutions, increasing competitiveness, technological innovation and cultural changes. In this context, teachers'degrees, educative stage, marital status, etc., are related to psychosocial factors leading to workplace hazards. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of psychosocial risk factors at work and psychosocial risks in a sample of non-university teachers in the Region of Murcia. Subsequently, it analyses the role of personal resources in self-perceived health. Methods: They handed out a questionnaire by post which obtained a response rate of 73%. With these data, it was a cross-sectional and descriptive study of 328 teachers in educational institutions of the Region of Murcia. Applied instruments were the questionnaires FPSICO NAQ-RE, MBI-GS, OPT, LOT-R, BIETR, PD and ESP. Results and conclusions: Half of teachers expressed a lack of interest in the educational administration for their professional career. Around the 37.8%, do not receive clear guidelines on their activity. Also, the 29.7% of the teachers present role conflict and 36% considered to have lack of collaborative relationships. However, only 8.5% manifest lack of job autonomy. The role conflict and social support, are the best predictors and reach explain 18.4% of the variation in health. Mobbing comes to predict 11% of the variance on health. The burnout a 37.8% of an effect moderation with conflict/optimism. Finally, the (lack) of professional effectiveness (34%), would explain its factors as (lack) autonomy and social support, role ambiguity, resiliency and an interaction between resiliency/Social support.