The 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine through the Prism of International Lawa Critical Overview

  1. Nihreieva, Olena 1
  1. 1 Odesa I. I. Mechnikov Universidad Nacional
Journal:
Peace & Security - Paix et Sécurité Internationales (Euromediterranean Journal of International Law and International Relations)

ISSN: 2341-0868

Year of publication: 2022

Issue: 10

Pages: 4

Type: Article

More publications in: Peace & Security - Paix et Sécurité Internationales (Euromediterranean Journal of International Law and International Relations)

Abstract

The research focuses on a legal analysis of some facts and events taking place during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine through the prism of international law. The article analyzes different facets of the current conflict that trigger such major topics of international law as the threat and use of force, cyberattacks, recognition, international humanitarian law, international criminal law and many others. Special attention is paid to legal reasoning articulated by the Russian Federation in order to justify its aggression against Ukraine, in particular, to the claim of self-defense and the accusations of genocide, dispelling them. Furthermore, the relevance of international humanitarian law for the current conflict and the prospects of bringing to responsibility for the crimes committed on the territory of Ukraine both through the prism of national and international criminal law are explored. Finally, special emphasis is given to the challenges that the Russian aggression against Ukraine poses to international law and the international community as a whole.

Bibliographic References

  • BARBOZA, J., Derecho internacional público, Víctor P. de Zavalía, Buenos Aires, 2008.
  • BAQUÉS, J., «De Ucrania y de Rusia. Reflexiones estructurales y lecciones aprendidas»,
  • Global Strategy Report, nº 8, 2022, available at: https://global-strategy.org/deucrania-y-de-rusia-reflexiones-estructurales-y-lecciones-aprendidas/
  • BERMEJO GARCÍA, R., “Cuestiones actuales referentes al uso de la fuerza en el Derecho Internacional”, Anuario de derecho internacional, nº XV, 1999, pp. 3-70.
  • CASSESE, A., “The Nicaragua and Tadić Tests Revisited in Light of the ICJ Judgment on Genocide in Bosnia”, European Journal of International Law, vol. 18 (4), 2007, pp. 649–668.
  • COLOM-PIELLA, G., “Lecciones de ciberguerra en Ucrania”, XI Foro de la Ciberseguridad (ISMS Forum), mayo 2022, pp. 13-14.
  • FERRARO, T. “Determining the Beginning and End of an Occupation under International Humanitarian Law”, International Review of the Red Cross, vol. 94
  • (885), spring 2012, pp.133-163.
  • GAZZINI, T., The Changing Rules on the Use of Force in International Law, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2005.
  • GREEN, J. A., “Questioning the Peremptory Status of the Prohibition of the Use of Force”, Michigan Journal of International Law, nº 32, 2011, pp. 215-257.
  • HERNÁNDEZ CAMPOS, A., “Definición del crimen de agresión: evolución del concepto de crimen contra la paz hasta el Tribunal internacional de Nuremberg”, Revista de Derecho y Ciencia Política, vol. 66 (N° 1 - Nº 2), 2009, pp. 112-135.
  • HRUSHKO, M. V., “Attribution of Cyberattacks As a Prerequisite for Ensuring Responsible Behavior in Cyberspace” (Атрибуція кібератак як передумова забезпечення відповідальної поведінки в кіберпросторі), Constitutional State, nº 43, 2021, pp. 195−201.
  • JENNINGS, R. Y., “The Caroline and McLeod Cases”, The American Journal of International Law, vol. 32 (1), 1938, pp. 82–99.
  • KAPOOR, R., “Indirect Occupation and the ICTY: It’s Not So Complicated”, Opinio Juris, 11 June 2020, available at: https://opiniojuris.org/2020/06/11/indirectoccupation-and-the-icty-its-not-so-complicated/.
  • KOSTADINOV, D. “The Attribution Problem in Cyber Attacks”, INFOSEC, February 1, 2013 available at: https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/attribution-problem-in-cyber-attack.
  • KUHRT, N., “Russia, the Responsibility to Protect and Intervention” in FIOTT, D., KOOPS, J. (Eds), The Responsibility to Protect and the Third Pillar: Legitimacy and Operationalization, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2015, pp. 97-114.
  • LATTANZI, F., “Quale giustizia per i crimini in Ucraina?”, Formiche, 29 April 2022, available at: https://formiche.net/2022/04/crimini-putin-lattanzi/.
  • LATTANZI, F., “La pulizia etnica come genocidio” in Lattanzi, F.( Ed.), Genocidio. Conoscere e ricordare per prevenire, Romatre Press, Roma, 2020, pp. 39-60.
  • LAURSEN, A., “The Use of Force and (the State of) Necessity, Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law , nº 37 (2), 2004, pp. 485- 525.
  • LIGUSTRO, A., FERRARO, F., DE PASQUALE, P., “Il futuro del mondo e dell’Europa passa per Kiev”, DPCE Online, [S.l.], vol. 52, nº 2, july 2022, available at: http:// www.dpceonline.it/ index.php/dpceonline/ article/view/1613.
  • LICHTERMANN, S., “(Control) Tests,” the Nature of Conflict and Attribution of Responsibility for Mass Crimes and Genocide in Criminal and Civil Liability Cases: “Overall” v. “Effective” Control Test, Sarajevo International and Comparative Law Review, vol. 1, nº. 1, 2012, p. 27-43, available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2150126.
  • LIN, H., “Attribution of Malicious Cyber Incidents: From Soup to Nuts”, Columbia Journal of International Affairs, nº 70(1), 2016, available at: https://jia.sipa.columbia.edu/attribution-malicious-cyber-incidents.
  • PANCHENKO, I. M., “Problems of the Delimitation of the Sea of Azov and the Kerch Strait” (Проблеми делімітації Азовського моря та Керченської протоки), Journal of the Kyiv University of Law, nº 3, 2020, pp. 365-370.
  • PÉREZ TRIVIÑO, J. L., “La noción de intención en la definición de genocidio”, Revista Española de Derecho Internacional, vol. LXIV/2, 2012, pp. 163-177.
  • PONS RAFOLS, X., “La guerra de Ucrania, las Naciones Unidas y el Derecho Internacional: algunas certezas sistémicas insostenibles”, Revista electrónica de estudios internacionales, nº 43, 2022, available at: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/revista/2177/A/2022.
  • ROMANUKHA, O.M., Formalization of the Legal Status of the Modern Ukrainian-Russian Border (Оформлення правового статусу сучасного українсько-російського кордону), DonNUET, Kryvyi Rih, 2019.
  • ROSCINI, M., “Threats of Armed Force and Contemporary International Law”, Netherlands International Law Review, nº 54, 2007, pp. 229-277.
  • SCHMITT, M., Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations (1st ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013.
  • SCHMITT, M., Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations (2nd ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2017.
  • SHAW, M., International Law, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008, 1541 p.
  • TALMON, S., “The Various Control Tests in the Law of State Responsibility and the
  • Responsibility of Outside Powers for Acts of Secessionist Entities”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, vol. 58, 2009, Oxford Legal Studies Research Paper nº 16/2009, available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1402324.
  • SÁENZ DE SANTAMARÍA, P. A., “La guerra de Ucrania y el orden internacional global: las Naciones Unidas vuelven a la casilla de salida, Temas para el debate, nº 329 (mayo), 2022, págs. 28-31.
  • TOMÁS ORTIZ DE LA TORRE, J. A., “La guerra y el Derecho Internacional: a propósito de la agresión de Rusia a Ucrania”, Anales de la Real Academia de Doctores de España, vol. 7, nº 1, 2022, pp. 93-112.
  • VAN DE HOLE, L., “Anticipatory Self-Defense under International Law”, American University International Law Review, nº 19 (1), 2003, pp. 69-106.
  • WARREN, A., BODE, I., Governing the Use-of-Force in International Relations. The Post-9/11 US Challenge on International Law, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2014.