Evaluación de los estereotipos negativos sobre la vejez en psicoterapeutas españoles

  1. Rodríguez Mora, Álvaro
Revue:
International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

ISSN: 0214-9877

Année de publication: 2023

Titre de la publication: THE ALWAYS POSITIVE HELP TO MENTAL HEALTH

Volumen: 2

Número: 1

Pages: 17-26

Type: Article

DOI: 10.17060/IJODAEP.2023.N1.V2.2474 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

Résumé

The study of negative stereotypes about aging in psychotherapists has been little studied. These may affect performance in psychological testing and diagnosis, therapeutic goals, therapist-client communication, or choice of treatment, as well as the success of therapy. An excessively warm and empathic attitude, the avoidance of challenging problem behaviors, as well as the therapist’s evaluation of symptoms as less problematic influence the therapeutic process. Objectives. To evaluate sociodemographic variables and predictors of negative stereotypes in old age in a sample of Spanish psychotherapists. Method. The sample consisted of a total of 305 Spanish psychotherapists. The mean age was 43.7 years (SD=10.9). Eighty-one percent (n=247) were women and 19% (n=58) were men. Only 20% (n=61) had specialized training in aging. 50.5% (n=154) did not care for patients over 65. All participants completed an ad hoc questionnaire with sociodemographic variables and two questions related to the care of patients over 65 years of age, and specialized training in aging. Stereotypes were assessed with the Negative Stereotypes of Old Age Questionnaire (CENVE). Results. Theresults indicate alow presence of negativestereotypesregarding old age. The motivational-social dimension obtained slightly higher scores. No significant differences were found with respect to sex, age and education. In relation to the care of patients over 65 years of age, there were significant differences in the CENVE. Significant negative correlations were found between age and care for the elderly and training. The age of the psychotherapists and care for people over 65 years of age were established as predictor variables. Conclusions.Although psychotherapists maintain an optimistic view, there may be “ageims” attitudes in relation to the motivation of older patients.

Références bibliographiques

  • Allan, L. J., & Johnson, J. A. (2008). Undergraduate attitudes toward the elderly: The role of knowledge, contact and aging anxiety. Educational Gerontology, 35(1), 1–14.
  • Allen, R. S., Crowther, M. R., & Molinari, V. (2013). Training in clinical geropsychology: Predoctoral programs, professional organizations and certification. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 7(4), 285.
  • Barnow, S., Linden, M., Lucht, M., & Freyberger, H.-J. (2004). Influence of age of patients who wish to die on treatment decisions by physicians and nurses. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 12(3), 258–264.
  • Blanca Mena, M. J., Sánchez Palacios, C., & Trianes, M. (2005). Cuestionario de evaluación de estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez. Revista Multidisciplinar de Gerontología, 15(4), 212–220.
  • Bodner, E., Bergman, Y. S., & Cohen-Fridel, S. (2012). Different dimensions of ageist attitudes among men and women: A multigenerational perspective. International Psychogeriatrics, 24(6), 895–901.
  • Cooney, C., Minahan, J., & Siedlecki, K. L. (2021). Do feelings and knowledge about aging predict ageism? Journal of Applied Gerontology, 40(1), 28–37.
  • Cuijpers, P., Reijnders, M., & Huibers, M. J. H. (2019). The role of common factors in psychotherapy outcomes. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 15, 207–231.
  • Dahlbeck, D. T., & Lightsey Jr, O. R. (2008). Generalized self-efficacy, coping, and self-esteem as predictors of psychological adjustment among children with disabilities or chronic illnesses. Children’s Health Care, 37(4), 293–315.
  • Franco, M., Villarreal, E., Martínez, L., & Galicia, L. (2010). Estereotipos negativos de la vejez en personal de salud de un Hospital de la Ciudad de Querétaro, México. Revista Médica de Chile, 138(8), 988–993.
  • Helmes, E., & Gee, S. (2003). Attitudes of Australian therapists toward older clients: Educational and training imperatives. Educational Gerontology, 29(8), 657–670.
  • Karssemeijer, E. G. A., Aaronson, J. A., Bossers, W. J. R., Donders, A. R. T., Olde Rikkert, M. G. M., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2019). The quest for synergy between physical exercise and cognitive stimulation via exergaming in people with dementia: A randomized controlled trial . In Alzheimer’s research & therapy (Vol. 11, Issue 1, p.3). BioMed Central Ltd . https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-018-0454-z
  • Kessler, C., Williams, M. C., Moustoukas, J. N., & Pappas, C. (2013). Transitions of Care for the Geriatric Patient in the Emergency Department. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 29(1), 49–69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2012.10.005
  • Kessler, E-M, Agines, S., Schmidt, C., & Mühlig, S. (2014). Qualification offers in geropsychology: A baseline study. Zeitschrift Für Gerontologie Und Geriatrie, 47, 337–344.
  • Kessler, Eva-Marie, & Blachetta, C. (2020). Age cues in patients’ descriptions influence treatment attitudes. Aging & Mental Health, 24(1), 193–196.
  • Kessler, Eva-Marie, & Bowen, C. E. (2015). Images of aging in the psychotherapeutic context. GeroPsych.
  • Kessler, Eva-Marie, & Schneider, T. (2019). Do treatment attitudes and decisions of psychotherapists-in-training depend on a patient’s age? The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 74(4), 620–624.
  • Koder, D. -A., & Helmes, E. (2008). Predictors of working with older adults in an Australian psychologist sample: Revisiting the influence of contact. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(3), 276.
  • Laidlaw, K., & Pachana, N. A. (2009). Aging, mental health, and demographic change: Challenges for psychotherapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(6), 601.
  • Lederman, S., & Shefler, G. (2022). Psychotherapy with older adults: Ageism and the therapeutic process. Psychotherapy Research, 1–12.
  • Menéndez Álvarez-Dardet, S., Cuevas Toro, A. M., Pérez Padilla, J., & Lorence Lara, B. (2016). Evaluación de los estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez en jóvenes y adultos.
  • Rello, C. F., Bravo, M. D. L., & Plata, R. M. M. (2018). Estereotipos sobre la edad y el envejecimiento en estudiantes y profesionales de Ciencias de la Salud. Revista Prisma Social, 21, 108–122.
  • Rodríguez-Mora, Á. (2020). Estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez y su relación con variables sociodemográficas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. Revista INFAD de Psicología. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology., 1(1), 63–70.
  • Rupp, D. E., Vodanovich, S. J., & Credé, M. (2005). The multidimensional nature of ageism: Construct validity and group differences. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145(3), 335–362.
  • Stewart, J. J., Giles, L., Paterson, J. E., & Butler, S. J. (2005). Knowledge and attitudes towards older people: New Zealand students entering health professional degrees. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 23(4), 25–36.
La source de données: Dialnet