La influencia del género en el emprendimiento turístico innovadorUna revisión sistemática de la literatura

  1. Montañés Del Río, Miguel Ángel 1
  2. Rodríguez Cornejo, Vanessa 1
  3. Ruiz Rodríguez, Margarita 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Cádiz
    info

    Universidad de Cádiz

    Cádiz, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04mxxkb11

Journal:
Cuadernos de turismo

ISSN: 1139-7861

Year of publication: 2023

Issue Title: Julio - Diciembre

Issue: 52

Pages: 195-217

Type: Article

DOI: 10.6018/TURISMO.593601 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDIGITUM editor

More publications in: Cuadernos de turismo

Abstract

The socioeconomic importance of tourism worldwide, truncated by the COVID-19 health crisis, has led to a commitment to innovation to survive the new environment. The literature on entrepreneurship indicates the existence of a gender bias in entrepreneurs. The objective is to know the state of the art in terms of whether the innovation of tourism entrepreneurs has a gender component. The research, a systematic analysis of the literature, searching for bibliographic references in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, as well as a manual search for any other that may exist in international organizations such as the UNWTO or the WTTC and through reverse references.  

Bibliographic References

  • AHL, H. (2006): «Why research on women entrepreneurs needs new directions”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, vol. 30 (5), pp. 595-621. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00138.x
  • AHL, H. y MARLOW, S. (2012): «Exploring the dynamics of gender, feminism and entrepreneurship: advancing debate to escape a dead end”, Organization, vol. 19 (5), pp. 543-562. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508412448695
  • ALSOS, G.A., LJUNGGREN, E. y HYTTI, U. (2013): «Gender and innovation: state of the art and a research agenda”, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, vol. 5 (3), pp. 236-256. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-06-2013-0049
  • AL-TABBAA, O., ANKRAH, S. y ZAHOOR, N. (2019): Systematic literature review in management and business studies: A case study on university–industry collaboration. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526467263
  • ÁLVAREZ SOUSA, A., REGO VEIGA, G., LEIRA LÓPEZ, J., GOMIS RODRÍGUEZ, A., CARAMÉS VALO, R. y ANDRADE SUÁREZ, M. (2008): «Innovación turística: perspectivas teóricas y objetos de estudio”, ROTUR Revista de Ocio y Turismo, nº 1, pp. 19-50. https://doi.org/10.17979/rotur.2008.1.1.1224
  • AWAMLEH, N.A.H.K. (1994): «Managerial Innovation in the Civil Service in Jordan: A Field Study”, Journal of Management Development, vol. 13 (9), pp. 52-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621719410072099
  • BAUZÁ MARTORELL, F.J., MELGOSA ARCOS, F.J., RONDÓN GARCÍA, L.M., TROITIÑO TORRALBA, L. y MULET FORTEZA, C. (2020): Turismo Post COVID-19. El turismo después de la pandemia global. Análisis, perspectivas y vías de recuperación. Asociación Española de Expertos Científicos en Turismo (AECIT). https://eusal.es/index.php/eusal/catalog/view/978-84-1311-461-3/5558/6275-1
  • BAYLINA, M., VILLARINO, M., RAMON, M.D.G., MOSTEIRO, M.J., PORTO, A. M. y SALAMAÑA, I. (2019): «Género e innovación en los nuevos procesos de re-ruralización en España”, Finisterra, vol. 54 (110), pp. 75-91. https://doi.org/10.18055/finis16053
  • BECERRA GUALDRÓN, C.J. y PALACIOS PRECIADO, M. (2013): «Diseño de un modelo con enfoque de género para la medición de capacidades de innovación empresariales: Aplicación a Boyacá”, Criterio Libre, vol. 11 (19), pp. 281-308. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-0642/criteriolibre.2013v11n19.1112
  • BERMÚDEZ GUERRERO, J.I, y GUTIÉRREZ MOLINA, Ó. (2012): «Las prácticas de innovación en las pymes boyacenses”, Revista Apuntes del CENES, pp. 161-192. Recuperado de https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/cenes/article/download/18/19/
  • BOLEY, B.B., AYSCUE, E., MARUYAMA, N. y WOOSNAM, K.M. (2017): «Gender and empowerment: Assessing discrepancies using the resident empowerment through tourism scale”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 25 (1), pp. 113-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1177065
  • BRANDÃO, F., SANTOS PEREIRA, C. y COSTA, C. (2015): «Tourism Innovation: A Gender Perspective of the Innovative Practices of Hospitality Industry Managers”, Proceedings from the Forum Re-Engineering The Tourism Labour Market Through Gender-Aware Research: Interdisciplinary Approaches And Future Trends, Aveiro, Portugal, pp. 24-25.
  • CAMISÓN, C. y MONFORT-MIR, V. M. (2012): «Measuring innovation in tourism from the Schumpeterian and the dynamic-capabilities perspectives”, Tourism Management, vol. 33 (4), pp. 776-789
  • CIKIC, J., JOVANOVIC, T. y NEDELJKOVIC, M. (2018): «Business and/or Pleasure - Gender (In)Equalities in Rural Tourism in Vojvodina”, Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, vol. 20, pp. 1.341-1.352. http://jast.modares.ac.ir/article-23-20340-en.html
  • CODINA, L. (2017): Revisiones sistematizadas y cómo llevarlas a cabo con garantías: Systematic reviews y SALSA Framework. https://www.lluiscodina.com/revision-sistematica-salsa-framework/
  • COOPER, C. y WAHAB, S. (Eds.) (2001): Tourism in the Age of Globalisation. 1ª ed. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203995853
  • CRUZ-MAY, S.D.L. y MAY-GUILLERMO, E.G. (2021): «Prácticas de innovación implementadas por las mipymes del sector restaurantero ante el COVID-19 en Tabasco, México”, Nova scientia, vol. 13, nº SPE, pp.0-0.
  • D’ARCY, D. y OMAR, M. (2015): «A review and reflection on innovation in tourism and hospitality in English language journal publications”, Management & Avenir, vol. 76, pp. 121-137. https://doi.org/10.3917/mav.076.0121
  • DAHLSTRAND, Å.L., y POLITIS, D. (2013): «Women business ventures in Swedish university incubators”, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, vol. 5 (1), pp. 78-96
  • DASTOURIAN, B. y KAWAMORITA KESIM, H. (2017): «Women entrepreneurship: effect of social capital, innovation and market knowledge”, AD-Minister, vol. 30, pp. 115-130. http://doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.30.6
  • DÍAZ CARRIÓN, I.A. y KIDO CRUZ, M. T. (2017): «La participación de las mujeres en la industria hotelera con enfoque de género: un estudio de caso en la ciudad de Tijuana (México)”, El Periplo Sustentable, nº 33, pp. 192-220.
  • DUARTE ALONSO, A., KIAT KOK, S., BRESSAN, A., O’SHEA, M., SAKELLARIOS, N., KORESIS, A., BUITRAGO SOLIS y SANTONI, L.J. (2020): «COVID-19, aftermath, impacts, and hospitality firms: An international perspective”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 91. https://doi.org/102654. 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102654
  • EGGERS, F. (2020): «Masters of disasters? Challenges and opportunities for SMEs in times of crisis”, Journal of Business Research, vol. 116, pp. 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.025
  • ELAM, A. B., BRUSH, C. G., GREENE, P. G., BAUMER, B., DEAN, M. y HEAVLOW, R. (2019): Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. 2018/2019 Women’s Entrepreneurship Report. London, United Kingdom: Global Entrepreneurship Research Association, London Business School.
  • FINK, A. (2019): Conducting research literature reviews: From the internet to paper. Sage publications.
  • FISCH, C. y BLOCK, J. (2018): «Six tips for your (systematic) literature review in business and management research”, Management Review Quarterly, vol. 68 (2), pp. 103-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-018-0142-x
  • GARCÍA ARANGO, G.A. (2014): «Bioética, emprendimiento e innovación en el contexto latinoamericano”, Revista Lasallista de investigación, vol. 11 (1), pp. 110-118.
  • GARCÍA GUARDIA, C. (2019): La influencia del género en el emprendimiento innovador turístico. Trabajo Fin de Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas por la Universidad de Cádiz
  • GARCÍA-PEÑALVO, F.J. (2017): Revisión sistemática de literatura en los Trabajos de Final de Máster y en las Tesis Doctorales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación Departamento de Informática y Automática Universidad de Salamanca
  • GRANT, M.J. y BOOTH, A. (2009): «A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies”, Health Information and Libraries Journal, vol. 26 (2), pp. 91-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x
  • GRAÑÓ, M. (2019): «La capacidad de innovación es una cuestión de supervivencia”, RRHH Digital. Recuperado de http://www.rrhhdigital.com/editorial/134953/La-capacidad-de-innovacion-es--una-cuestion-de-supervivencia
  • HANSON, S. (2009): «Changing places through women’s entrepreneurship”, Economic Geography, vol. 85 (3), pp. 245-267.
  • HAUGEN, M.S. y VIK, J. (2008): «Farmers as entrepreneurs: the case of farm-based tourism”, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, vol. 6 (3), pp. 321-336.
  • HELDT CASSEL, S. y PETTERSSON, K. (2015): «Performing Gender and Rurality in Swedish Farm Tourism”, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 15 (1-2), pp. 138–151. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2015.1005333
  • HINDE, S. y SPACKMAN, E. (2015): «Bidirectional Citation Searching to Completion: An Exploration of Literature Searching Methods”, Pharmacoeconomics, vol. 33 (1), pp. 5-11. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40273-014-0205-3
  • HJALAGER, A.M. (2002): «Repairing innovation defectiveness in tourism”, Tourism Management, vol. 23 (5), pp. 465-474
  • HJALAGER, A.M. (2010): «A review of innovation research in tourism”, Tourism Management, vol. 31 (1), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.012
  • INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND [IMF] (2021): Tourism in the Post-Pandemic World. Economic Challenges and Opportunities for Asia-Pacific and the Western Hemisphere. International Monetary Fund, Publication Services
  • KANG, S., SANG-HOON, O. y YANG, P. (2007): «Relationships of Individual Characteristics, Entrepreneurship, and Performance”, International Journal of Tourism Management and Sciences, vol. 22 (1), pp. 487-507
  • KELLER, P. (2006): Innovation and tourism policy. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264025028-en
  • KRIZAJ, D., BRODNIK, A. y BUKOVEC, B. (2014): «A tool for measurement of innovation newness and adoption in tourism firms”, International Journal of Tourism Research, vol. 16 (2), pp. 113-125. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.1905
  • LADO-SESTAYO, R. y VIVEL-BÚA, M. (2017): «Análisis económico-financiero del emprendimiento en el sector turístico: un estudio de género”, Revista de Gestão e Secretariado, vol. 8 (2), pp. 97-106. https://doi.org/10.7769/gesec.v8i2.611
  • LAME, G. (2019): Systematic literature reviews: An introduction. Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 2019-Augus, pp. 1633-1642. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.169
  • LI, L. (2008): «A review of entrepreneurship research published in the hospitality and tourism management journals”, Tourism management, vol. 29 (5), pp. 1013-1022
  • LINDBERG, M., LINDGREN, M. y PACKENDORFF, J. (2014): «Quadruple Helix as a Way to Bridge the Gender Gap in Entrepreneurship: The Case of an Innovation System Project in the Baltic Sea Region”, Journal of the Knowledge Economy, vol. 5 (1), pp. 94-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-012-0098-3
  • LITTELL, J., CORCORAN, J. y PILLAI, V. (2008): Systematic reviews and meta-analysis. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.01.003
  • MANOSALVAS VACA, L.O., MANOSALVAS VACA, C.A., SOLÍS MOREJÓN, V. C. y PESANTEZ QUINTANILLA, J.K. (2020): «Capacidades de innovación en los emprendedores turísticos: Un enfoque de género”, INNOVA Research Journal, vol. 5 (2), pp. 234–252. https://doi.org/10.33890/innova.v5.n2.2020.1367
  • MARÍN-IDÁRRAGA, D.A. y CUARTAS-MARIN, J.C. (2019): «Relationship between innovation and performance: Impact of competitive intensity and organizational slack”, Revista de Administração de Empresas, vol. 59, pp. 95-107. http://old.scielo.br/pdf/rae/v59n2/0034-7590-rae-59-02-0095.pdf
  • MARLOW, S. y McADAM, M. (2013): «Gender and entrepreneurship: Advancing debate and challenging myths; exploring the mystery of the under‐performing female entrepreneur International”, Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 19 (1), pp. 114-124. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551311299288
  • MARTÍNEZ CAPARRÓS, B. (2018): Trekking to women’s empowerment: A case study of a female-operated travel company in Ladakh. In Gender equality and tourism: Beyond empowerment, pp. 57-66. CABI United Kingdom.
  • MERO FUENTES, R.A., y PALMA DE LA CRUZ, K.A. (2021): Modelo de desarrollo de turismo sostenible para comunidades rurales del cantón Bolívar. Bachelor's thesis, Calceta: ESPAM MFL.
  • MINNITI, M. (2009): «Gender issues in entrepreneurship», en Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, vol. 5 (7-8), pp. 497-621. Now Publishers Inc. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000021
  • MOHER, D., LIBERATI, A., TETZLAFF, J., ALTMAN, D. G y PRISMA GROUP. (2009): «Reprint—preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement”, Physical Therapy, vol. 89 (9), pp. 873-880. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/89.9.873
  • MONTAÑÉS DEL RÍO, M.A. (2017): Estudio de la propensión innovadora del emprendedor turístico. Evidencias del proyecto GEM [Tesis de doctorado, Universidad de Cádiz]
  • MONTAÑÉS DEL RÍO, M.A., MEDINA GARRIDO, J. A. y RAMOS RODRÍGUEZ, A.R. (2019): Exploración del perfil innovador del emprendedor turístico a través de datos GEM. XX Congreso Internacional AECA. Retrieved from https://xxcongreso.aeca.es/
  • MONTAÑÉS-DEL-RÍO, M.A. y MEDINA-GARRIDO, J.A. (2020): «Determinants of the Propensity for Innovation among Entrepreneurs in the Tourism Industry”, Sustainability, vol.12 (12). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12125003
  • MONTRESOR, S. (2018): «Innovation in tourism: A diverging line of research in need of a synthesis”, Tourism Economics, vol. 24 (7), pp. 765-780. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816618773189
  • NIKRAFTAR, T. y HOSSEINI, E. (2016): «Factors affecting entrepreneurial opportunities recognition in tourism small and medium sized enterprises”, Tourism Review, vol. 71 (1), pp. 6-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-09-2015-0042
  • ORFILA-SINTES, F. y MATTSSON, J. (2009): «Innovation behavior in the hotel industry”, Omega, vol. 37 (2), pp. 380-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2007.04.002
  • ORREGO, C. (2008): «La dimensión humana del emprendimiento”, Revista Ciencias Estratégicas, vol. 16 (20), pp. 225-235.
  • PALLARÈS-BLANCH, M., TULLA PUJOL, A.F. y VERA, A. (2015): «Environmental capital and women’s entrepreneurship: A sustainable local development approach”, Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol. 10 (3), pp. 133-146.
  • PALLARÈS-BLANCH, M., VERA MARTÍN, A. y TULLA PUJOL, A.F. (2018): «Emprendimiento e innovación de las mujeres: hacia una mayor sostenibilidad en las áreas rurales de montaña”, Cuadernos Geográficos de la Universidad de Granada, vol. 57 (3), pp. 36-57. https://doi.org/10.30827/cuadgeo.v57i3.5770
  • PALMATIER, R. W., HOUSTON, M.B. y HULLAND, J. (2018): «Review articles: purpose, process, and structure”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 46, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0563-4
  • PARÉ, G., TRUDEL, M.-C., JAANA, M. y KITSIOU, S. (2015): «Synthesizing information systems knowledge: A typology of literature reviews”, Information and Management, vol. 52 (2), pp. 183-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2014.08.008
  • PEETERS, L. W., y ATELJEVIC, I. (2009): «Women Empowerment Entrepreneurship Nexus in Tourism. Processes of social innovation», en Tourism and entrepreneurship, pp. 94-109. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780080942728
  • PEÑA-LEGAZKUE, I., GUERRERO, M., GONZÁLEZ-PERNÍA, J.L. y MONTERO, J. (2019): Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Informe GEM España 2018-2019 (Vol. 244). Ed. Universidad de Cantabria.
  • PEREVOCHTCHIKOVA, M., DE LA MORA-DE LA MORA, G., HERNÁNDEZ FLORES, J.A., MARÍN, W., LANGLE FLORES, A., RAMOS BUENO, A. y ROJO NEGRETE, I. A. (2019): «Systematic review of integrated studies on functional and thematic ecosystem services in Latin America, 1992–2017”, Ecosystem Services, vol. 36, p. 100900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.100900
  • PÉREZ-QUINTANA, A. (2020): «Una aproximació al gènere de l’empresariat. Oikonomics”, Revista d'economia, empresa i societat, nº 13.
  • PETERS, M. y PIKKEMAAT, B. (2005): «The management of city events: The case of “Bergsilvester” in Innsbruck, Austria”, Event Management, vol. 9 (3), pp. 147-153.
  • PETTICREW, M. y ROBERTS, H. (2008): Systematic reviews in the social sciences: A practical guide. John Wiley and Sons.
  • PIKKEMAAT, B. y WEIERMAIR, K. (2007): «Innovation through cooperation in destinations: first results of an empirical study in Austria”, Anatolia, vol. 18 (1), pp. 67-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2007.9687036
  • PIKKEMAAT, B., PETERS, M. y BICHLER, B.F. (2019): «Innovation research in tourism: Research streams and actions for the future”, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 41, pp. 184-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.10.007
  • PIVCEVIC, S. y PRANICEVIC, D.G. (2012): «Innovation activity in the hotel sector - The case of Croatia”, Ekonomska Istrazivanja, vol. 25(SPEC. ISS. 1), pp. 337–363. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2012.11517568
  • QIU, X. y WANG, C. (2016): «Literature searches in the conduct of systematic reviews and evaluations”, Shanghai archives of psychiatry, vol. 28 (3), pp. 154. https://doi.org/10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.215008
  • REUVERS, M., VAN ENGEN, M. L., VINKENBURG, C. J. y WILSON‐EVERED, E. (2008): «Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: Exploring the relevance of gender differences”, Creativity and Innovation Management, vol. 17 (3), pp. 227-244. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2008.00487.x
  • ROTHSTEIN, H. y HOPEWELL, S. (2009): «Grey Literature», en Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-analysis. Russell Sage Foundation, pp. 103-125
  • SERRANO BARQUÍN, R. D. C., RODRÍGUEZ MUÑOZ, G., y PALMAS CASTREJÓN, Y.D. (2019): «Turismo y género. Una mirada desde Iberoamérica”, Papers de Turisme, nº 62, pp. 85-90.
  • SHARMA, G. D., KRAUS, S., SRIVASTAVA, M., CHOPRA, R. y KALLMUENZER, A. (2022): «The changing role of innovation for crisis management in times of COVID-
  • : An integrative literature review”, Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, vol. 7 (4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100281
  • SHAW, G. y WILLIAMS, A. (1998): «Planning for the Future of Tourism”, The Geographical Journal, vol. 164 (1), pp. 121-122.
  • SHAW, G., WILLIAMS, A. y GREENWOOD, J. (1988): «Tourism and economic development: Policy implications from a case study of Cornwall”, Planning Practice and Research, vol. 3 (5), pp. 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697458808722702
  • SIMANCAS CRUZ, M., HERNÁNDEZ MARTÍN, R. y PADRÓN FUMERO, N. (2020): Turismo pos-COVID-19. Reflexiones, retos y oportunidades. Cátedra de Turismo Caja Canarias-Ashotel. Universidad de La Laguna. https://doi.org/10.25145/b.Turismopos-COVID-19.2020
  • SONZOGNI, É. (2020): «La mujer: ¿ama de casa o algo más?”, Anuario, Escuela de Historia, (32), 10. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes (Universidad Nacional de Rosario)
  • SUNDBO, J., ORFILA-SINTES, F. y SØRENSEN, F. (2007): «The innovative behaviour of tourism firms—Comparative studies of Denmark and Spain”, Research policy, vol. 36 (1), pp. 88-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2006.08.004
  • TM., A. y JOSEPH, R.P. (2020): «Gender and firm innovation - A systematic literature review and future research agenda”, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 27 (2), pp. 301-333. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2019-0480
  • TRANFIELD, D., DENYER, D. y SMART, P. (2003): «Towards a methodology for developing evidence‐informed management knowledge by means of systematic review”, British journal of management, vol. 14 (3), pp. 207-222.
  • UNITED NATIONS WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO) (2014): Turismo y nuevas tecnologías. Seminario técnico, San José (Costa Rica), 14 y 15 de mayo de 2013. Madrid. Recuperado de https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284415564.1
  • UNITED NATIONS WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION [UNWTO] (2020): COVID-19 and Transforming Tourism.
  • VUJKO, A., TRETIAKOVA, T. N., PETROVIĆ, M. D., RADOVANOVIĆ, M., GAJIĆ, T., y VUKOVIĆ, D. (2019): «Women’s empowerment through self-employment in tourism”, Annals of tourism research, vol. 76, pp. 328-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.09.004
  • WADDINGTON, H., WHITE, H., SNILSTVEIT, B., HOMBRADOS, J. G., VOJTKOVA, M., DAVIES, P., BHAVSAR, A., EYERS, J., PEREZ KOEHLMOOS, T., PETTICREW, M., VALENTINE, J. C. y TUGWELL, P. (2012): «How to do a good systematic review of effects in international development: a tool kit”, Journal of Development Effectiveness, vol. 4 (3), pp. 359-387. https://doi.org/10.1080/19439342.2012.711765
  • WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL [WTTC] (2021): Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2021. Global Economic Impact and Trends. Disponible en https://wttc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Reports/2021/Global%20Economic%20Impact%20and%20Trends%202021.pdf
  • YU, J. y CHEN, S. (2016): «Gender moderate firms' innovation performance and entrepreneurs' self-efficacy and risk propensity”, Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, vol. 44 (4), pp. 679-691. https://doi.org/10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.215008
  • ZBIGNIEW, Z. (2015): «Innovation development in regional tourism enterprises”, Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe, vol. 3, pp. 489-501.