Viticulture and the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP): Historical overview, current situation and future perspective

  1. Homet, Pablo 1
  2. Gallardo‐Reina, Manuel Ángel 1
  3. Aguiar, Juan F. 1
  4. Liberal, Isabel M. 1
  5. Casimiro‐Soriguer, Ramón 1
  6. Ochoa‐Hueso, Raúl 1
  1. 1 Department of Biology, Botany Area, IVAGRO University of Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (CeiA3) Campus del Rio San Pedro Puerto Real Cádiz Spain
Revista:
Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment

ISSN: 2767-035X,  2767-035X

Año de publicación: 2024

Volumen: 3

Número: 2

Páginas: 1-14

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1002/SAE2.12099 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment

Resumen

The grapevine is one of the most important perennial fruit crops worldwide. Thehistorical stability of winegrowing methods has spanned almost 3000 years since theintroduction of viticulture in Europe. However, in the last 70 years, the wine sector inthe Europe has experienced substantial transformations. These changes are attributedto the widespread adoption of mechanisation and industralisation in the 1950s and theestablishment of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The growing concern for theenvironment and climate change in the European Union (EU) has significantly influencedthe successive reforms of the CAP. These reforms have resulted in the acquisition ofnew commitments to protect the environment, mitigate climate change and reducebiodiversity loss over the years. In this work, we carried out a critical analysis of themost relevant aspects of the new CAP and address the regulatory framework of organicagriculture in the EU as a tool for improving the sustainability of vineyards. Currently,Spain is the country with the largest vineyard area in the world, reaching 964,000hectares. This represents 13% of the world's vineyards and 30% in the EU, whichdemonstrates the importance of this crop in Europe. Due to its relevance, we focusedour critical analyses of the new CAP on Spain as a case study. The latest reform of theCAP, applicable for the period 2023‐2027, is the most ambitious in environmental termsand includes instruments such as reinforced conditionality, eco‐schemes and paymentsfor agri‐environment–climate commitments. Finally, we propose that by integratingconcepts and management strategies from current organic and regenerative viticulturetogether with historical strategies derived from treatises and classic authors across awide range of societies and cultures, the goals of the new CAP can be successfully met.This will contribute to reuniting the past, the present and the future of viticulture for amore nature‐based winemaking

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