Avaluació de les aportacions nutricionals en els lactants amb bronquiolitis aguda greu

Abstract

Background. Bronchiolitis is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory tract infection and hospitalization in infants. Reports suggest that between 3% and 11% of children with bronchiolitis require admission in the pediatric critical care unit (PICU) and have severe limitations to caloric intake. The early introduction of enteral nutritional support is beneficial, and an appropriate fluid balance and caloric intake has shown to impact outcome.Objective. To investigate the type of nutrition, caloric intake, and fluid balance in patients with acute bronchiolitis admitted to a PICU. Method. prospective, descriptive, and observational study of patients with acute bronchiolitis admitted to the PICU at our center between October 1st 2014 and May 15th 2015. Among other variables, we collected and analyzed the type and route of nutrition, the caloric intake, and the fluid balance throughout the admission of each patient. Results. 36 patients were included. During the first day of admission 21 patients (58.3%) were kept nil per os and 12 patients (33.3%) started enteral nutrition. Subsequently the enteral support increased gradually in all patients; nevertheless, the mean of caloric intake was 70.5 kcal/kg/day (interquartile range 62.3-83.1). Conclusions.The nutritional intake was not optimal during the PICU admission, especially during the first days of admission. We recommend starting early enteral nutrition and if the clinical condition contraindicates this approach, consider the administration of parenteral nutrition